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Bias in Recording History
English historians have often been guilty of emphasizing victories while giving little attention to defeats. The successes of Edward III and the Black Prince...
The Limits of Physical Courage
Physical courage—sheer bravery in battle—is a quality shared by all soldiers, not just kings and nobles. In fact, most male soldiers naturally possess this...
The Nature of Challenges in Medieval Warfare
In medieval Europe, sending a challenge for personal combat—called a cartel—was sometimes considered an appeal to heaven. It was a way to decide disputes...
Historical Notice of the English Power in Aquitaine
Henry II and His Marriage to Eleanor
In 1152, Henry II, who had not yet become king of England, traveled to Aquitaine to pursue Eleanor,...
English Power in Aquitaine
Origin of English Control
The English power in Aquitaine began with the marriage of Henry II to Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was also the Countess...
Historical Notice of the English Power in Aquitaine
The history of England’s possessions in France, particularly in the region of Aquitaine, is often overlooked by general readers. These lands came under English...
Public Health Achievements in Bulgaria
The social and economic development of Bulgaria created favorable conditions for improving public health. Over time, the incidence of many infectious and parasitic diseases...
Hospital Construction and State Investment
The construction of hospitals and other medical facilities in Bulgaria was organized as part of the planned investment policy of the State. The government...
Basic Principles of the Public Health System in the People’s Republic of Bulgaria
The Bulgarian public health system is a comprehensive structure that combines social, economic, and medical measures. Its main goal is to ensure proper living...
The Changing Landscape of Ephesus
When the first Temple of Artemis was built, the Cayster River had already begun to change the landscape of Ephesus. Over time, the river...
